I think you should learn the relational model (not SQL). Understand the problems it was trying to solve and how the relational model solves them. Then figure out how that applies to your app. Database in Depth was helpful for me http://www.amazon.com/Database-Depth-Relational-Theory-Pract... .
Get the best books from Hacker News each week
Join 4,500+ subscribers and get the best books mentioned on Hacker News every Thursday.